Description

# glom *Restructuring data, the Python way* <a href="https://pypi.org/project/glom/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/glom.svg"></a> <a href="https://calver.org/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/calver-YY.MM.MICRO-22bfda.svg"></a> <img width="30%" align="right" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mahmoud/glom/master/docs/_static/comet.png"> Real applications have real data, and real data nests. Objects inside of objects inside of lists of objects. glom is a new and powerful way to handle real-world data, featuring: * Path-based access for nested data structures * Readable, meaningful error messages * Declarative data transformation, using lightweight, Pythonic specifications * Built-in data exploration and debugging features All of that and more, available as a [fully-documented][rtd], pure-Python package, tested on Python 3.7-3.14, as well as PyPy3. Installation is as easy as: ``` pip install glom ``` And when you install glom, you also get [the `glom` command-line interface][cli_rtd], letting you experiment at the console, but never limiting you to shell scripts: ``` Usage: glom [FLAGS] [spec [target]] Command-line interface to the glom library, providing nested data access and data restructuring with the power of Python. Flags: --help / -h show this help message and exit --target-file TARGET_FILE path to target data source (optional) --target-format TARGET_FORMAT format of the source data (json, python, toml, or yaml) (defaults to 'json') --spec-file SPEC_FILE path to glom spec definition (optional) --spec-format SPEC_FORMAT format of the glom spec definition (json, python, python-full) (defaults to 'python') --indent INDENT number of spaces to indent the result, 0 to disable pretty-printing (defaults to 2) --debug interactively debug any errors that come up --inspect interactively explore the data ``` Anything you can do at the command line readily translates to Python code, so you've always got a path forward when complexity starts to ramp up. ## Examples #### Without glom ```python >>> data = {'a': {'b': {'c': 'd'}}} >>> data['a']['b']['c'] 'd' >>> data2 = {'a': {'b': None}} >>> data2['a']['b']['c'] Traceback (most recent call last): ... TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not subscriptable ``` #### With glom ```python >>> glom(data, 'a.b.c') 'd' >>> glom(data2, 'a.b.c') Traceback (most recent call last): ... PathAccessError: could not access 'c', index 2 in path Path('a', 'b', 'c'), got error: ... ``` ## Learn more <img width="30%" align="right" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mahmoud/glom/master/docs/_static/comet_multi.png"> If all this seems interesting, continue exploring glom below: * [glom Tutorial][tutorial] * [Full API documentation at Read the Docs][rtd] * [Original announcement blog post (2018-05-09)][glom_announce] * [Frequently Asked Questions][faq] * [PyCon 2018 Lightning Talk (2018-05-11)][pycon_talk] All of the links above are overflowing with examples, but should you find anything about the docs, or glom itself, lacking, [please submit an issue][gh_issues]! [rtd]: https://glom.readthedocs.io [cli_rtd]: http://glom.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cli.html [tutorial]: https://glom.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorial.html [faq]: https://glom.readthedocs.io/en/latest/faq.html [glom_announce]: https://sedimental.org/glom_restructured_data.html [gh_issues]: https://github.com/mahmoud/glom/issues/ [pycon_talk]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bTAFl8P2DkE&t=18m07s In the meantime, just remember: When you've got nested data, glom it! ☄️