🧠 Awesome Agent Memory

A curated collection of systems, benchmarks, and papers et. on memory mechanisms for Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), exploring how different approaches enable long-term context, retrieval, and efficient reasoning.

👀 Open-source resources (e.g. papers with reproducible code publicly available on Github) are marked in bold font and ranked higher.

• 📰 [Troy Hua (2026-03-31)] How Anthropic Built 7 Layers of Memory and a Dreaming System for Claude Code
• 📰 [VelvetShark (2026-03-05)] OpenClaw Memory Masterclass: The complete guide to agent memory that survives
• 📰 [Business Insider (2026-01-08 )] AI still needs a breakthrough in one key area to reach superintelligence, according to those who build it

Ordered by the number of Github stars.

1. Mem0 [code] [paper] [blog]

   • TeleMem: A High-Performance Drop-in Replacement for Mem0 [code] [paper] import telemem as mem0

     🆕 Newly released. Rising star. Stay tuned! 😜

2. Claude-Mem (A Plug-in for Claude-Code) [code]

3. MemPalace code] Developed by actress Milla Jovovich and her friends

4. Zep (powered by Graphiti) [code] [paper] [blog]

5. Letta (formerly MemGPT) [code] [paper] [research] [blog]

6. Second Me [code] [paper]

7. Congee [code] [paper] [blog]

8. MemU [code] [blog]

9. Hindsight code] [paper]

10. MemOS [code] [paper] [blog]

11. MemMachine [code] [blog]

12. memory-lancedb-pro code] [blog] [video] Enhanced LanceDB memory plugin for OpenClaw

13. OpenMemory code]

14. EverOS (part of EverMind) code] [blog]

15. MIRIX [code] [paper] [blog]

16. Memobase code] [blog]

17. MemoryBear code] [paper]

18. Honcho code] [blog] [evals]

19. LangMem (part of LangChain-LangGraph) code] [blog]

20. Mem9 (skill for OpenClaw etc.) code] [blog]

21. agentmemory code] Persistent memory for AI coding agents.

22. M-Flow code]

23. Memov code] Git-based, traceable memory layer for Claude Code.

24. OMEGA code] [pypi] Persistent memory for AI coding agents. MCP server with 25 tools. Ranks #1 on LongMemEval (95.4%).

25. widemem-ai code] [pypi] Lightweight memory layer with importance scoring, temporal decay, 3-tier hierarchy, YMYL prioritization, and batch conflict resolution. Local-first with SQLite + FAISS.

1. MemoryLake [blog]

2. Supermemory [partial-code] [blog]

3. Memories.ai [research] [paper] [blog]

4. Mem 2.0 [blog]

5. Macaron Mind Lab [blog]

6. TwinMind

1. Memvid [code] [critique1,critique2]

2. Memary [code]

• ACM SIGIR-AP 2025 Tutorial: Conversational Agents: From RAG to LTM [paper] [code]

• Daily Dose of DS: A Practical Deep Dive Into Memory Optimization for Agentic Systems [Part-A] [Part-B] [Part-C]

• Rethinking Memory Mechanisms of Foundation Agents in the Second Half: A Survey [code]

• Toward Efficient Agents: Memory, Tool learning, and Planning [code]

• Survey on AI Memory: Theories, Taxonomies, Evaluations, and Emerging Trends [code]

• The AI Hippocampus: How Far are We From Human Memory?

• From Storage to Experience: A Survey on the Evolution of LLM Agent Memory Mechanisms

• Memory in the Age of AI Agents [code]

• Rethinking Memory in AI: Taxonomy, Operations, Topics, and Future Directions [code]

• From Human Memory to AI Memory: A Survey on Memory Mechanisms in the Era of LLMs

• Cognitive Memory in Large Language Models

• Advances and Challenges in Foundation Agents: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Evolutionary, Collaborative, and Safe Systems (Chapter 3)

• Human-inspired Perspectives: A Survey on AI Long-term Memory

• A Survey on the Memory Mechanism of Large Language Model based Agents [code]

• Beyond a Million Tokens: Benchmarking and Enhancing Long-Term Memory in LLMs (The BEAM Paper) [code] [data]

• MOOM: Maintenance, Organization and Optimization of Memory in Ultra-Long Role-Playing Dialogues (The ZH-4O Paper) [code] [data]

• Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scale (The PersonaMem and ImplicitPersona Paper) [code] [data11] [data2]

• Evaluating Memory in LLM Agents via Incremental Multi-Turn Interactions (The MemoryAgentBench Paper) [code] [data]

• LifelongAgentBench: Evaluating LLM Agents as Lifelong Learners [code] [data]

• NoLiMa: Long-Context Evaluation Beyond Literal Matching [code] [data]

• MemoryBench: A Benchmark for Memory and Continual Learning in LLM Systems [code] [data]

• HaluMem: Evaluating Hallucinations in Memory Systems of Agents [code] [data]

• LongBench v2: Towards Deeper Understanding and Reasoning on Realistic Long-context Multitasks [code]

• Minerva: A Programmable Memory Test Benchmark for Language Models [code]

• MemBench: Towards More Comprehensive Evaluation on the Memory of LLM-based Agents [code]

• Evo-Memory: Benchmarking LLM Agent Test-time Learning with Self-Evolving Memory

• OdysseyBench: Evaluating LLM Agents on Long-Horizon Complex Office Application Workflows

• LongMemEval: Benchmarking Chat Assistants on Long-Term Interactive Memory [data]

• Evaluating Very Long-Term Conversational Memory of LLM Agents (The LoCoMo Paper) [code] [data]

• ∞Bench: Extending Long Context Evaluation Beyond 100K Tokens [code]

• LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understanding [code]

• StoryBench: A Multifaceted Benchmark for Continuous Story Visualization [code]

• DeepImageSearch: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Context-Aware Image Retrieval in Visual Histories [code] [data] [leaderboard]

• TeleEgo: Benchmarking Egocentric AI Assistants in the Wild [code] [proj]

• LVBench: An Extreme Long Video Understanding Benchmark [code]

• Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysis [code]

• MovieChat+: Question-aware Sparse Memory for Long Video Question Answering [code]

• CinePile: A Long Video Question Answering Dataset and Benchmark [code]

• LongVideoBench: A Benchmark for Long-Context Interleaved Video-Language Understanding [code]

• EgoSchema: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Very Long-form Video Language Understanding [code]

• LvBench: A Benchmark for Long-form Video Understanding with Versatile Multi-modal Question Answering

• ARE: Scaling Up Agent Environments and Evaluations (The Gaia2 Paper) [code]

• AppWorld: A Controllable World of Apps and People for Benchmarking Interactive Coding Agents [code]

• LightMem: Lightweight and Efficient Memory-Augmented Generation [code]

• Nemori: Self-Organizing Agent Memory Inspired by Cognitive Science [code]

• O-Mem: Omni Memory System for Personalized, Long Horizon, Self-Evolving Agents

• Omne-R1: Learning to Reason with Memory for Multi-hop Question Answering

• In Prospect and Retrospect: Reflective Memory Management for Long-term Personalized Dialogue Agents

• SEDM: Scalable Self-Evolving Distributed Memory for Agents

• MemoRAG: Boosting Long Context Processing with Global Memory-Enhanced Retrieval Augmentation

• Human-inspired Episodic Memory for Infinite Context LLMs

• Towards LifeSpan Cognitive Systems

• Compress to Impress: Unleashing the Potential of Compressive Memory in Real-World Long-Term Conversations [code]

• Agent Workflow Memory [code]

• MemoryBank: Enhancing Large Language Models with Long-Term Memory [code]

• Toward Conversational Agents with Context and Time Sensitive Long-term Memory [data]

• InfLLM: Training-Free Long-Context Extrapolation for LLMs with an Efficient Context Memory

• RET-LLM: Towards a General Read-Write Memory for Large Language Models

• MAGMA: A Multi-Graph based Agentic Memory Architecture for AI Agents [code]

• TraceMem: Weaving Narrative Memory Schemata from User Conversational Traces [code]

• PlugMem: A Task-Agnostic Plugin Memory Module for LLM Agents [code]

• From RAG to Memory: Non-Parametric Continual Learning for Large Language Models [code]

• MIRIX: Multi-Agent Memory System for LLM-Based Agents [code]

• Hierarchical Memory Organization for Wikipedia Generation [code]

• From Experience to Strategy: Empowering LLM Agents with Trainable Graph Memory

• Bridging Intuitive Associations and Deliberate Recall: Empowering LLM Personal Assistant with Graph-Structured Long-term Memory

• HiAgent: Hierarchical Working Memory Management for Solving Long-Horizon Agent Tasks with Large Language Model

• Optimizing the Interface Between Knowledge Graphs and LLMs for Complex Reasoning

• HippoRAG: Neurobiologically Inspired Long-Term Memory for Large Language Models [code]

• AriGraph: Learning Knowledge Graph World Models with Episodic Memory for LLM Agents [code]

• EventMemAgent: Hierarchical Event-Centric Memory for Online Video Understanding with Adaptive Tool Use [code]

• WorldMM: Dynamic Multimodal Memory Agent for Long Video Reasoning [code]

• MemVerse: Multimodal Memory for Lifelong Learning Agents [code] [blog]

• MGA: Memory-Driven GUI Agent for Observation-Centric Interaction [code]

• Seeing, Listening, Remembering, and Reasoning: A Multimodal Agent with Long-Term Memory [code]

• HippoMM: Hippocampal-inspired Multimodal Memory for Long Audiovisual Event Understanding [code]

• Infinite Video Understanding

• Episodic Memory Representation for Long-form Video Understanding

• Multi-RAG: A Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation System for Adaptive Video Understanding

• Contextual Experience Replay for Self-Improvement of Language Agents

• VideoAgent: Long-form Video Understanding with Large Language Model as Agent [code]

• VideoChat-Flash: Hierarchical Compression for Long-Context Video Modeling [code]

• LongVLM: Efficient Long Video Understanding via Large Language Models [code]

• KARMA: Augmenting Embodied AI Agents with Long-and-short Term Memory Systems [code]

• LoGeR: Long-Context Geometric Reconstruction with Hybrid Memory [code]

• OneStory: Coherent Multi-Shot Video Generation with Adaptive Memory

• Yume-1.5: A Text-Controlled Interactive World Generation Model [code]

• StoryMem: Multi-shot Long Video Storytelling with Memory [code]

• MemFlow: Flowing Adaptive Memory for Consistent and Efficient Long Video Narratives [code]

• MotionRAG: Motion Retrieval-Augmented Image-to-Video Generation [code]

• VideoRAG: Retrieval-Augmented Generation over Video Corpus [code]

• Pretraining Frame Preservation in Autoregressive Video Memory Compression

• EgoLCD: Egocentric Video Generation with Long Context Diffusion

• Pack and Force Your Memory: Long-form and Consistent Video Generation

• Video World Models with Long-term Spatial Memory

• Mixture of Contexts for Long Video Generation

• Context as Memory: Scene-Consistent Interactive Long Video Generation with Memory Retrieval

• MSA: Memory Sparse Attention for Efficient End-to-End Memory Model Scaling to 100M Tokens [code]

• GradMem: Learning to Write Context into Memory with Test-Time Gradient Descent [code]

• MeKi: Memory-based Expert Knowledge Injection for Efficient LLM Scaling [code]

• Conditional Memory via Scalable Lookup: A New Axis of Sparsity for Large Language Models (The DeepSeek Engram Paper) [code]

  • Beyond Conditional Computation: Retrieval-Augmented Genomic Foundation Models with Gengram [code]

• STEM: Scaling Transformers with Embedding Modules [code]

• Memory Caching: RNNs with Growing Memory

• Fast-weight Product Key Memory

• MLP Memory: Language Modeling with Retriever-pretrained External Memory [code]

• Memory Decoder: A Pretrained, Plug-and-Play Memory for Large Language Models [code]

• Nested Learning: The Illusion of Deep Learning Architectures

• Improving Factuality with Explicit Working Memory

• R³Mem: Bridging Memory Retention and Retrieval via Reversible Compression

• May the Memory Be With You: Efficient and Infinitely Updatable State for Large Language Models

• MeMo: Towards Language Models with Associative Memory Mechanisms

• REFRAG: Rethinking RAG based Decoding

• EpMAN: Episodic Memory AttentioN for Generalizing to Longer Contexts

• Disentangling Memory and Reasoning Ability in Large Language Models

• InfLLM: Training-Free Long-Context Extrapolation for LLMs with an Efficient Context Memory [code]

• MA-LMM: Memory-Augmented Large Multimodal Model for Long-Term Video Understanding [code]

• MemoryLLM: Towards Self-Updatable Large Language Models [code]

• WISE: Rethinking the Knowledge Memory for Lifelong Model Editing of Large Language Models [code]

• Titans: Learning to Memorize at Test Time

• Memory³: Language Modeling with Explicit Memory

• Infinite-LLM: Efficient LLM Service for Long Context with DistAttention and Distributed KVCache

• MemServe: Context Caching for Disaggregated LLM Serving with Elastic Memory Pool

• WISE: Rethinking the Knowledge Memory for Lifelong Model Editing of Large Language Models

• Ultra-Sparse Memory Network

• Augmenting Language Models with Long-Term Memory [code]

• Efficient Memory Management for Large Language Model Serving with PagedAttention [code]

• OpenClaw-RL: Train Any Agent Simply by Talking [code]

• Memento-Skills: Let Agents Design Agents [code]

• Memento 2: Learning by Stateful Reflective Memory [code]

• MemSkill: Learning and Evolving Memory Skills for Self-Evolving Agents [code]

• ProcMEM: Learning Reusable Procedural Memory from Experience via Non-Parametric PPO for LLM Agents [code]

• MemRL: Self-Evolving Agents via Runtime Reinforcement Learning on Episodic Memory [code]

• SimpleMem: Efficient Lifelong Memory for LLM Agents [code]

• Why the Brain Consolidates: Predictive Forgetting for Optimal Generalisation

• Agentic Memory: Learning Unified Long-Term and Short-Term Memory Management for Large Language Model Agents

• End-to-End Test-Time Training for Long Context [code]

• ML-Master: Towards AI-for-AI via Integration of Exploration and Reasoning [code]

• MemEvolve: Meta-Evolution of Agent Memory Systems [code]

• Remember Me, Refine Me: A Dynamic Procedural Memory Framework for Experience-Driven Agent Evolution [code]

• Learning on the Job: An Experience-Driven, Self-Evolving Agent for Long-Horizon Tasks [code]

• Mem-α: Learning Memory Construction via Reinforcement Learning [code]

• Memento: Fine-tuning LLM Agents without Fine-tuning LLMs [code]

• Goal-Directed Search Outperforms Goal-Agnostic Memory Compression in Long-Context Memory Tasks [code]

• General Agentic Memory via Deep Research [code]

• AgentEvolver: Towards Efficient Self-Evolving Agent System [code]

• FLEX: Continuous Agent Evolution via Forward Learning from Experience [code]

• MemAgent: Reshaping Long-Context LLM with Multi-Conv RL-based Memory Agent [code]

• Beyond Heuristics: A Decision-Theoretic Framework for Agent Memory Management

• Nested Learning: The Illusion of Deep Learning Architecture [blog]

• LightSearcher: Efficient DeepSearch via Experiential Memory

• Memory-R1: Enhancing Large Language Model Agents to Manage and Utilize Memories via Reinforcement Learning

• Latent Learning: Episodic Memory Complements Parametric Learning by Enabling Flexible Reuse of Experiences

• Evo-Memory: Benchmarking LLM Agent Test-time Learning with Self-Evolving Memory

• ReasoningBank: Scaling Agent Self-Evolving with Reasoning Memory

• Long Term Memory: The Foundation of AI Self-Evolution

• REFRAG: Rethinking RAG based Decoding

• MemGen: Weaving Generative Latent Memory for Self-Evolving Agents

• ReSum: Unlocking Long-Horizon Search Intelligence via Context Summarization

• MARC: Memory-Augmented RL Token Compression for Efficient Video Understanding

• Continual Learning via Sparse Memory Finetuning

• Task-Core Memory Management and Consolidation for Long-term Continual Learning

• SWE-Pruner: Self-Adaptive Context Pruning for Coding Agents [code]

• LCM: Lossless Context Management [code]

• CL-bench: A Benchmark for Context Learning [code]

• Everything is Context: Agentic File System Abstraction for Context Engineering [code]

• AgentFold: Long-Horizon Web Agents with Proactive Context Management [code]

• ACON: Optimizing Context Compression for Long-horizon LLM Agents [code]

• Agentic Context Engineering: Evolving Contexts for Self-Improving Language Models

• Neural Activations and Representations during Episodic versus Semantic Memory Retrieval

• Distinct Neuronal Populations in the Human Brain Combine Content and Context

• Neural Population Activity for Memory: Properties, Computations, and Codes

• How Prediction Error Drives Memory Updating: Role of Locus Coeruleus–Hippocampal Interactions

• Towards Large Language Models with Human-Like Episodic Memory

• Survey of AI Agent Memory Frameworks

• Memory in Language Model-Enabled Agents

• Mastering LLM Memory: A Comprehensive Guide

• LLM Powered Autonomous Agents

• ACL 2025 Workshop: The First Workshop on Large Language Model Memorization (L2M2) [proceedings]